What is an EMI? How to calculate EMI?

EMI - Equated Monthly Installment

In this article we have briefly explained the concept of EMI (Equated Monthly Installment). Most of the people don’t know what is EMI and how does it works. Normally people use to choose EMI Without analysing the real financial condition. From outside EMI looks very attractive but there are many things that you have to really understand. This article comprises all such information about EMI.

EMI stands for Equated Monthly Installment. This is the fixed amount of amount paid by the borrower on each month. This will help you to pay off your debt on an installment basis. Initially, a major part of the EMI goes in paying the interest. As the tenure increases the principal component of the loan increases. In other words, EMI is a fixed amount paid by a borrower to a lender at a specified date in each month. Equated monthly installments are used to pay off both interest and principal each month, so that over a specific number of years, the loan is paid off in full. If you are taking a mortgage loan and repaying it by EMI, you have to pay a fixed amount of money every month. The difference between EMI and other variable payment plan is that your installment amount is fixed in EMI.

Interests are generally calculated on a month or sometimes every three months period. The calculated interest on the principal amount (loan amount) is added with the principal itself and then the repayment amount (EMI) is deducted from this sum to arrive at a balance amount. At the next step, the interest is calculated on the last balance amount and the new reducing balance amount is obtained in the same way. This process is continued iteratively until the balance amount reduces to zero. And then the loan is fully repaid.

Balance amount = Previous balance amount + Interest on the balance amount – Repayment amount.

Are you applying for a home loan? you have to answer the following questions

Home loan EMI

There are many reasons that cause us to fall behind loan repayments. Loss of job, medical expenses, etc can happen to anyone, this will make us to delay the repayment of loans. If you neglect payments of home loan EMI, it will hurt your credit rating and many other severe implications could follow. In case you default on your home loan repayments the lenders undertake some measures to recover the amount :

According to the Securitisation Act, housing companies have the right to take over the house property of the defaulting customer. They can classify the asset secured or mortgaged as a non-performing asset and give a 60 day’s notice to the borrower. If the borrower fails to clear off his liability within this period, the lending institution has four options such as;

Redressal

If you are planning to seek a remedy after defaulting on your EMI, you have to file an appeal to the Debt Recovery Tribunal (DRT) within 45 days. If the order of Debt Recovery Tribunal is against you, then an appeal has to be filed before the Appellate Tribunal within 30 days of receiving it. If the Appellate Tribunal is finding that the possession of the asset taken by the lender was wrongful, the Tribunal may direct them to return it back to the borrower, along with adequate compensation.

Other options for Redressal

It is not necessary that you have to do a legal battle with your lender, unless the lender initiates legal proceedings against you. Contact him as soon as you know your payments will be overdue. Never ignore the lender’s letters and do not imagine you are in a hopeless situation. Following are some of the steps, which you can take to keep property’s possession with you.

How to calculate EMI?

Below given is the equation to calculate EMI.

EMI = [(P x r) (1+r) n]/ [(1+ r) n-1]

Here,

P = Principal Loan Amount
r = Annual Interest Rate / 12
n = Number of Monthly Installments

Illustration

The below given illustration will help you in understanding how EMI works. Imagine you are taking a home loan of Rs. 10,00,000 with an interest rate of 10% for a period of 10 years. In this case your EMI will be around Rs. 13,562. Your EMI constitute a certain amount of Principle and Interest. But the amount of interest and principal will change as the time goes.

Here

Loan Amount – 10,00,000
Interest rate – 10%
Tenure - 10 years

EMI – 13562

This table illustrates the amount of interest and principal included in EMI

A combination of interest and Principal makes EMI but. Over a period of 10 years you will pay an amount of Rs.1627440 to the lender. Rs. 1000000 as principal and remaining Rs. 627440 as interest.

Total Interest Amount – 6,27,440
Total Principal Amount – 1000000
Total Paid Amount - 1627440

How to calculate EMI in MS Excel?

Microsoft excel has an excellent option to calculate EMI. Below given Steps will help you to calculate the EMI for a fixed rate and term.

How to calculate the rate of Interest for a given EMI in Excel?

We believe that this article has hepled you in imparting sufficient knowledge about EMI (Equated Monthly Instalments).